Three Viruses Pose A Threat This Winter Season: Doctors Warn

Ahead of the fall and winter seasons, experts warn against the risk of infection with a viral triple threat, the respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, and COVID-19 virus.

This threat rings especially true for high-risk groups who are likely to suffer severe consequences if infected by one or more of these viruses during the fall and winter seasons. Doctors have issued a word of caution advocating for preventive measures to be adopted ahead of the fall season.

Understanding the Triple Viral Threat

The influenza virus and the respiratory syncytial virus are the primary infectious viruses that see a rise in cases as fall arrives. However, COVID-19 imposes a new threat. While respiratory infection can result from any of the viruses, experiencing co-infection is a mounting concern during this possible ‘tripledemic.’

Currently, omicron and similar variants have been responsible for most of the COVID-19 cases in the US over the last two years, unlike the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic which saw a rapid evolution of the viral variants. It was after the implementation of global vaccination strategies, that the threat appeared to subside. 

However, the latest news shows the newer omicron variant, BA. 2. 86 Pirola, is making its waves around the globe. Infections with Pirola have been reported in at least 11 countries. From the previous understanding of how the omicron variant functioned, we know that this virus is capable of more effectively evading its host’s immune defenses along with increased transmissibility and a higher propensity for causing severe disease.

Along with COVID-19, there remains the looming threat of infections with either influenza or respiratory syncytial virus. For the flu season 2022 – 2023, the CDC estimated approximately 26 million medical visits for the flu alone. On the other hand, the respiratory syncytial virus is globally responsible for 64 million cases annually. 

Who Is At Risk?

During the “flu season” specific groups are at an increased risk of severe consequences following infection with any one of the viruses. It is crucial therefore to identify your risk factors to be well prepared ahead of the winter season. 

Individuals with chronic illnesses, such as kidney disease, diabetes, lung or heart disease fall within a high-risk category. Following infection with either of the viruses, these groups, having a lower immunity, are likely to experience the more severe symptoms which could lead to hospitalization and even death. Additionally, respiratory illness can worsen the existing state of underlying health conditions, precipitating kidney failure or a heart attack based on how the body copes with the infection.

Unvaccinated infants, toddlers, and adults over the age of 65 years also fall within a high-risk category. The lack of a sufficient immune status for individuals within these demographics makes them especially susceptible to severe illness following infection.

Those in an immunosuppressed state, such as with HIV, cancer, or even pregnancy increase the likelihood of developing a severe viral infection. While the threat of infection severity varies within this group based on the stage of illness, underlying viral infection can result in severe infection and worsen the current immune status among these individuals.

What Are Preventive Measures To Be Adopted?

While the viral threat cannot be completely curbed, you can lower your chances of exposure to the infections as well as prevent severe infections. 

1. Get vaccinated

Yearly flu vaccine programs are usually rolled out as the fall is about to set in. You can check in at your local clinic for your shot. It takes a few weeks for the immunity to surge after taking your vaccine, which makes it advisable to get your shot before flu season kicks off. 

Most of us have taken the mandatory doses for COVID-19. However, booster shots are available, especially for those who are at a high risk of severe infection. 

In 2023, the FDA approved an RSV protein vaccine, which can be used for adults who are over 60 and who fall within a high-risk category. Currently, research is still underway for RSV vaccine use in young children and infants.

2. Follow standard hygiene protocols while in public

It is still a good practice to continue using masks, regular hand sanitizing, and maintaining social distancing norms when out in public spaces. This limits your risk of viral exposure, along with the risk of co-infection in case you have been infected with any one of the viruses. 

Be mindful about the way you cough or sneeze in public. Avoid going out into public spaces if you are ill or in your recovery phase.

3. Avoid crowded and enclosed public spaces

Viral spread occurs through the transmission of infected respiratory droplets. Coughing and sneezing are not the only ways this occurs. Speaking and even breathing can favor viral transmission. For many viral infections, including COVID-19, influenza, and RSV, viral transmission can begin before symptoms appear. The risk of viral spread can also occur through asymptomatic carriers of the viral infection. 

Therefore it is best to avoid large gatherings this fall and winter season, especially those conducted within enclosed spaces. Following your local news can also help you understand your community’s response to the flu season, which can help you make holiday plans accordingly.

4. Add a boost to your immune system

Finally, it is crucial to include habits into your routine that are going to naturally boost your immunity. Restful sleep, a nutritious diet, and regular exercise are key pillars of this. Consider supplementing your diet with essential vitamins and minerals, especially if you are deficient. 

Conclusion

Currently, there is no way to predict how the flu season is going to play out. With most of the population likely vaccinated for the flu and even COVID-19, the burden of viral infection not be as high. However, to prevent the unprecedented, it is best to take precautions early. Consider getting in your booster shots and making small changes to your daily routine which can limit your chances of getting a viral infection during the possible ‘tripledemic.’